Tuesday, May 29, 2012

《靜思晨語。法譬如水》319. 折驕慢 竭愛欲


Tear Down Arrogance and Deplete Desire

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學佛我們要時時克制自己不犯錯誤,假使我們有犯了錯,應該即時懺悔。在我們的心意裡面,絕對不要染著貪瞋癡的業,這是我們時時要自我反省。
We must always restrain ourselves to prevent making mistakes. If we do make a mistake, we should promptly repent and ensure that our mind is not contaminated by greed, anger or ignorance. We need to constantly remain self-aware.


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惱亂賢聖 六道四生
今日發露 向十方佛
尊法聖眾 皆悉懺悔
Next the text says, "In the Six Realms and Four Births, today I openly and completely repent to the Buddhas and sages of the Ten Directions."


現在再說「六道四生,今日發露,向十方佛、尊法聖眾,皆悉懺悔。」
我們之前《靜思晨語。法譬如水。四住地煩惱》既然說過,我們自己的心在亂,也惱亂了聖賢,使我們生起了恆沙煩惱,流轉在這個六道四生。
We mentioned earlier that the chaos in our minds disturbs the sages, and causes us to give rise to innumerable afflictions and remain in the Six Realms and Four Births. We all know the Six Realms.
「六道」大家都知道了,就是--「天、人、修羅、地獄、餓鬼、畜生」,這些就是六道。在這個六道裡中就不離四種的生態,那就是--「卵生、胎生、濕生、化生」,在這四種的生態中。
They are the Heaven, Human, Asura, Hell, Hungry Ghost, and Animal Realms. Within the Six Realms, there are four types of births, egg-, womb-, moisture- and transformation-born.
凡夫就是流轉在這六道裡,所以我們在這人生中也看盡了六道。同樣在人界中一樣有六道--
Reincarnation within the Six Realms is inseparable from these four types of birth. Even within the Human Realm, we can witness all the other Realms. The Six Realms exist within the Human Realm.
看到人家在享受,好像天人的享受一樣,要什麼就有什麼。那隨心所欲在享受的人,也有在享受中,但是很沒有修養,脾氣很差,刻薄下面的人等等…這呢就是天人中的修羅。
We see people who indulge themselves as if they are heavenly beings. They get whatever they ask for, and are able to fulfill all their desires. Some of these people, however, lack grace and common courtesy. They have bad tempers and are unkind to their subordinates. This is typical of Asuras.
所以當然也是有「人」,在人生中善惡參半。你說他惡,也是有善的一面;說他善嗎,也有很多很不好的習氣啊!這種善惡參半在這個人間。
Humans are a mix of good and evil. Even those who are bad have a good side, and those who are good have many bad habits. The Human Realm is a mixture of good and evil.
但是有一類的人,真的不是人,你說他就好像是畜生一樣,人倫道德全都沒有。像是這種亂了人倫,這和畜生一樣。
But there are some people whose behavior really makes you doubt their humanity. You may say they are like an animal that does not even have basic human decencies. People who live like animals do exist.
那有的畜生我們能夠看得到的啊,在人間我們能夠看到很多和我們人不同的生類,這也是畜生。在畜生中還有地獄,人也是一樣在受苦受難,這些都是在人間,就能夠看到很多生不如死的這個苦相。
We can see animals and many other sentient beings that are different from us. They belong to the Animal Realm. In the Animal Realm, there is Hell-like suffering. Humans may suffer the same hardships. We can witness this in the Human Realm. We see many instances of extreme suffering.
所以說六道,在人間我們全看得到。在人間以外,天、地獄你說你看不到,但是我們要相信。
So we say that the Six Realms all manifest within the Human Realm. You might say that you cannot see Heaven or Hell, but you should have faith.
佛陀是不誑語者,不妄語者,所以我們要相信佛陀所說的。除了在六道以外,我們所求的是超越六道;超越六道呢就是賢聖的境界。賢就是菩薩,聖呢就是佛啊!
The Buddha would not lie or speak untrue words. We should believe what the Buddha said. Transcending the Six Realms is the state of sages and saints that we aspire to Sages are Bodhisattvas. Saints are Buddhas.
那麼我們若能夠到達佛菩薩的境界,我們的心就不會動不動就被這個業力把我們牽制、影響了我們。若總是被牽制、影響了,這樣我們都常常,都在六道中無法出離。所以我們若要能不再墮落六道四生,唯有我們要時時懺悔。
If we attain the state of Buddhas or Bodhisattvas, then our minds will no longer be easily constrained or influenced by karmic forces. Otherwise, we will be continuously trapped within the Six Realms with no escape. The only way of us to avoid falling into the Six Realms and Four Births is to maintain a heart of repentance.
之前《靜思晨語。法譬如水。四住地煩惱》說到因為煩惱,很多的煩惱,使賢聖很擔憂啊!菩薩慈眼視眾生啊。佛陀視眾生如一子,我們看到眾生在造業,看到眾生不受教,他的心真的很難過,所以就不斷隨著眾生在六道中。這樣就是只有一念,要來救拔眾生。但是眾生很不爭氣、也不爭志,所以一直一直都是這樣受牽連,這樣牽扯不休,所以就會惱亂賢聖。
Sentient beings have so many afflictions that make the sages and saints very concerned. Bodhisattvas are compassionate toward all beings. The Buddha sees all beings as His children; when He sees sentient beings creating bad karma, or ignoring good teachings, His heart goes out to them. He follows sentient beings in the Six Realms with the singular thought of rescuing them, but sentient beings do not make a genuine effort. In this way, they continue to be entangled. This is what disturbs the sages and saints.
那還不只,又在六道四生,我們也是一樣無不在惱亂。我們惱亂人和人之間,我們與人之間有時是對立的,有時什麼事情都和我們無關係,我們老是在這之間搬弄是非,這種也就是惱亂六道。這個六道四生無不惱亂,這也是我們在造業。
Within the Six Realms and Four Births, we are disturbed as well. We cause problems in our relationships, and sometimes have confrontations with others. Sometimes matters have nothing to do with us, yet we are often ones who create conflicts. These disturbances in the Six Realms and the Four Births result in even more bad karma.
有的我們若看到那些畜生,是貓或是狗,你不喜歡,那樣走過去踢牠一下,或者是罵牠一下也有,這六道中我們全都在惱亂。
Some of us might see an animal, such as a cat or a dog, and decide that we do not like it. So we kick it or yell at it. Within the Six Realms, we are all disturbed due to "all of these wrongdoings".
「如是等罪」這麼多的罪過,我們今天開始要真的很虔誠。每天我都說「要戒慎虔誠!」戒,要常常堤防著我們的心,那麼我們要真的很謹慎,日常生活中要警戒自己,待人接物、開口動舌、舉步動足,一切的生活我們全都要常常堤防警覺的心。我們要真的很謹慎,對人、對事、對物,我們全都要恭敬,我們要敬重!
Starting today, we need to have reverence. Every day I speak of being vigilant and reverent. We should remain vigilant of our own minds. We need to be very careful. In daily life, we must be vigilant of our words and actions when interacting with people and handling things. We should maintain vigilance in every aspect of our lives. We should be very careful.
我們在日常生活中,養成了這些習氣,這個習慣若養成了,對人無不都是愛。所以在六道四生中,我們都會和人結好緣。所以戒慎虔誠的意思,就是「感恩、尊重、愛」,我們若養成這樣的習慣,我們絕對不會去惱亂賢聖,也部會去觸犯四生六道。
In dealing with people, events and things, we should be courteous and respectful. We should develop these habits in our daily lives. When we form the habit of offering our love to others within the Six Realms and Four Births, we form good relationships with them. The meaning of being vigilant and reverent is gratitude, respect and love. We should develop this habit so that we do not disturb the sages and saints, or transgress in the Four Births and Six Realms.
所以我們這一生雖然我們懂了,不過我們也要懺悔--懺悔過去我們都不懂,所以說不定我們已經和四生六道結了怨;所以我們這時候,即結的要解,要解開。所以這個結要趕快解開,不可以那樣仇禍還是要再糾結,那這就是我們應該要時時懺悔。
Although we now understand, we still must repent because we did not know this in the past. Perhaps we have already formed grudges within the Six Realms and Four Births. So at this time, we should quickly untie the entanglements we have formed and refrain from being entangled in vengeance. We should maintain a heart of repentance.
要從哪裡開始懺悔?當然我們每天早上,我們向諸佛菩薩,在三寶面前來懺悔,甚至在日常生活中,「佛心看人,人人是佛;菩薩心看人,人人是菩薩;我們以修養的心看人,人人都是修行者」。所以我們要時時刻刻,「敬向十方三寶皆悉懺悔」,這就是每一天,我們應該要有的心態。
Where do we start? Every morning we repent to the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. In our daily life, we use the Buddha-mind to see everyone as a Buddha and the Bodhisattva-mind to see everyone as a Bodhisattva. When we have the mind of a practitioner, we see the practitioner in everyone. We "should be respectful and repent to the Three Treasures of the ten directions". This is the mindset we should always have.


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願弟子眾等承是懺悔
意業所起貪瞋癡等
一切煩惱
May all disciples repent for all the afflictions that arise from greed, anger and ignorance.


再接下來的懺文就說:「願弟子眾等,承是懺悔,意業所起,貪瞋癡等,一切煩惱。」
Next in the Repentance Text is, "May all disciples repent for all the afflictions that arise from greed, anger and ignorance."
我們向三寶之前,我們真的很虔誠的懺悔,懺悔的心一定要那樣提起。
We sincerely repent in front of the Three Treasures. We must give rise to a mind of repentance.
願,懺悔就要有願,我們若沒有立願呢,我們就沒有懺悔的心,所以我們發心立願。過去的我們不知道,說不定已經結下這種恩恩怨怨,結仇連禍,說不定是很多,我們從現在立願。「弟子眾等」,我們自己和現在周圍的大家,應該「承是懺悔」。
Vows are essential to repentance. If we do not make vows, then we do not have a mind of repentance. So we make a vow and set our intention. We do not know about the past. Perhaps we already made some bad connections which will result in vengeance and tragedy. Perhaps there has been much of this. From this moment onwards, however, we make a vow "May all disciples", meaning we ourselves and everyone around us "give rise to repentance".
就是有此因緣在這個時刻,大家集合起來在一起懺悔。這之間最重要的就是「意業」,我們現在所要懺悔的就是,「意業」所起「貪、瞋、癡等」一切的煩惱。
This means that at this time we gather to repent. At this time, our mental karma is most important. What we are now repenting are all the afflictions caused by greed, anger and ignorance.
所以我們大家每天、每天,都是在說「心」,心就是意。這種起心動念,就是從我們內心,所起的煩惱不離開「貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑」,所以叫做「等」…除了「貪、瞋、癡」以外,還是有「我慢、疑惑」。所以有這五種毛病,都是在我們心中,每一時刻在起起落落。這種的煩惱一生起,實在是不可收拾,那自然動作就出來了。
Every day we talk about "the heart". The heart is the mind. When a thought arises in the mind, it comes from within our heart. Greed, anger, ignorance, arrogance and doubt cause afflictions to arise. In addition to greed, anger and ignorance, there is also arrogance and doubt. These five problems are all in our hearts, forming and fading from one moment to the next. When these types of afflictions become very difficult to deal with, we react without thinking.
所以我們應該要致誠懇禱,用真正至誠的心,很虔誠的心。若不是很虔誠的心的念力,那我們無法滅除這個意地所起一切貪瞋癡的煩惱。
So we should engage in prayer, with a sincere and reverent heart. Without the power of a very sincere heart, we cannot eliminate the afflictions of greed, anger and ignorance.
這有願才有力,真正的要立志立願這個力量,我們才能夠滅除這個意地所起一切「貪、瞋、癡等」的煩惱。
We need the power of our vows, the strength of that determination to fully eradicate, all afflictions of greed, anger and ignorance.
所以請大家,真正懺悔就要立願,要下定決心的這個力量。你若沒有虔誠懇切的這個心意來懺悔,你無法消滅那些罪業。業都不消了,怎麼能夠生出功德來呢?這功德是從哪裡生起來的呢?那就是生生世世,我們能夠「折憍慢幢」。
We remind everyone that true repentance means making a vow. It require determination. If you are not sincere in your repentance, you cannot eradicate your negative karma. How can merits arise if we cannot eliminate karma? From where do merits arise? From many lifetimes’ worth of "breaking the banner of arrogance"


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所生功德 生生世世
折憍慢幢 竭愛欲水 滅瞋恚火

Merits arise life after life, from breaking the banner of arrogance, exhausting the water of desire, and quelling the fire of anger.


我們的驕傲,好像樹立起來的幢。幢就是像我們若去寺院裡看到的那個吊著的幢幡,或者是看到人家在迎的,迎熱鬧舉的那種幢幡。幢就像蓋一樣,怕太陽曬所遮的那種東西。
Our arrogance can be seen as a banner which we erect. A banner is like what we see hanging in temples, or what people put up during festivities. It is like a canopy that covers things, or shields us from the sun.
但是這裡幢的意思,就是說那個樹立起來,在我們內心樹立起這個幢,好比幢幡一樣。這種幢就是一種裝飾,遮蓋的意思。
The banner here is referring to something which we put up. Becoming arrogant is likened to raising a banner. It is a kind of a decoration that also obscures or covers things up.
那這個憍慢,有的人是因為自以為--「我什麼都很厲害,我什麼都很會。」所以我生起了這個「憍」--我有名、我有利、我有.….等等,他有這個憍慢的心。
This arrogance arises when one thinks, "I am good at everything and I know it all." Such a person is arrogant about his fame and wealth, etc. He is proud and arrogant.
有的就是因為什麼都不會,什麼都比不上別人,他也是同樣也有慢。所以「七憍、八慢」,過去我曾解釋過,憍有很多種的憍,慢有八種的這個慢,所以叫做「七憍、八慢」。
Some people, compared to others, are not as good at certain things. Yet they can also be arrogant. There are Seven Arrogances and Eight Prides. I have explained them before. There are several variations of arrogance and there are eight kinds of pride. We call them the Seven Arrogance and Eight Prides.
總之這個憍慢的心態有種種,那我們就要有辦法、有力量來拆除下來憍慢幢。
In summary, there are many kinds of arrogance. We should work on breaking the banner of arrogance and pride.
再來就是「竭愛欲水,滅瞋恚火」,這也需要力量。
Next, "Exhaust the water of desire." This requires strength.
那愛欲,人云:「這個愛欲像似千尺浪,那這個苦海萬丈波啊!」欲真的就好像水一樣,會沉溺下去,使人一直沉溺下去;就是因為這個愛欲的水,會沈沒了我們的人。我們人,若不會游泳的人,如果落水了,那很快就會被水淹死。
It is said that desire is like a thousand-foot swell and 10,000 waves surge in the sea of suffering. Desire is like water. We can wallow in it. The water of desire can drown us. If we do not know how to swim, and we fall into the water, we will quickly drown.
所以說起來「愛河千尺浪,苦海萬丈波」,所以若有了這分愛,貪愛的心念,我們就會苦不堪言,那個意志就無法堅定了。
1000-foot swells rise in the river of desire, 10,000 waves surge in the sea of suffering. When we possess this kind of desire, the mind of craving makes us suffer beyond words, and our resolve becomes unstable.
你看吸毒的人喝酒的人、賭博的人、或者是去被色迷著的人,那些人全都像去被欲水把他沉陷,被淹沒了一樣。如果沒有趕快幫他吸乾,那樣真的是把這個慧命全埋沒掉了,所以 真可惜。
People who indulge in drugs, alcohol, gambling, or sex are essentially drowning. If someone does not help them, their Wisdom-life gets submerged. That would be a shame.
這個人這麼有才華,就是被這種習氣埋沒掉了--埋沒掉就是淹掉了的意思。所以要竭愛欲水,這也要有一股的力量將水抽乾。
A person’s great talent may be covered by his habits. Being submerged is just like being drowned. We should find a way to drain the water of desire.
那還要有一股的力量「滅瞋恚火」。星火會燎原,林被燒起來時,要滅這個火就不容易了。所以我們常常說:「消防隊是打火英雄。」其實我們自己要常常預防,所以叫做消防。消防就是連那個星火一起來,就趕緊把它消滅掉。
We also find a way to quell the fire of anger. Sparks of anger can cause a fire. When a forest is on fire, it is very difficult to extinguish the flames. We often say that firefighters are heroes. Actually, we need to be just as vigilant with ourselves as we with fire. Even tiny sparks of fire should be extinguished right away.
但是萬一我們在現在,我們的習氣還在時,我們要趕快提起我們的願力。我們已經向佛菩薩懺悔了,我們能夠再犯嗎?我已經在大眾中懺悔了,我都已經說要改過了,我能夠再犯嗎?所以這個力量,我們自己要有一股的願力,我們這股的願力,才能有辦法「折憍慢幢、竭愛欲水、滅瞋恚火」。
If, at this time, our habitual tendencies remain we should call forth the power of our vows. We repented before the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, so we should not make the same mistakes again. We have already repented before everyone, and committed to changing ourselves. Dare we make the same mistake again? This type of motivation is important. We should strengthen our vows so as to break the banner of arrogance, exhaust the water of desire and quell the fire of anger.
各位,學佛就是要學得去預防我們的心念,我們要時時懺悔,在人群中、生活中,我們要事事感恩,人人感恩。我們若能事事有感恩心,自然我們對人人就有敬重心;我們對人人若有敬重心,我們時時都保持那分清淨無染的大愛。
Everyone, in learning Buddhism, we are learning how to guard our minds. We should maintain a heart of repentance in daily life and in dealing with people. We should be grateful for all things and all people. If we have gratitude in all that we do, we will have a sense of respect for others. Our respect for others helps us maintain a pure and all-encompassing love.
否則我們若被私愛、私情,這種污染的愛欲,那這種水很快就會將我們淹沒掉了。所以時時要虔誠,那要感恩、尊重、愛。
Otherwise, we may be defiled by selfish love and corrupting desires. The type of water would quickly engulf us. That is why we should maintain sincerity, gratitude, respect and love.
各位,真的要時時多用心,要時時自我克制,提起了虔誠的願力來。還是要多用心!
Everyone, please be mindful at all times. We should practice self-restraint often, and call forth the strength of sincere vows. Please always be mindful.  

Saturday, May 26, 2012

靜思晨語--20120525《法譬如水》四住地煩惱


靜思晨語--20120525《法譬如水》四住地煩惱   昨天8:42 pm

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【證嚴上人開示】
隨從生死十二因緣
輪轉煩惱
乃至無始無明住地
恆沙煩惱

我們人人從無始以來,我們都與佛同等,有共同一個,清淨無染的妙覺智。只因為一念無明,所以起了「住著心地」,本來具有的妙智被遮蓋了,所以「無明亂動」,所以才會讓我們的身口意業;對四諦、十二因緣這些道理,我們都迷糊掉了。不清楚,四諦、十二緣,這是我們人人生死的關鍵,苦集滅道的四諦,我們要知道。
所以佛陀來人間,才為我們開啟這條道路。讓我們知道,「苦」是由「集」而來;為了要滅這些苦的原因,所以我們就要修行於「道」;所以這叫做「苦集滅道」。
但是我們都不用心,所以不用心,我們很自然就招來「十二因緣」。
我們過去的藏識,萬般帶不去。第八識,在我們過去生中所造作的,都已經囤積起來了,帶來我們這一生。順著這一生的因緣就來了,所以這一生,我們如果不趕緊修行,真的是苦不堪言,所以我們要趕緊修,才能真正滅除這個苦難。
人人皆有與佛同等
清淨無染的妙覺智
只因一念無明住著心地
引致不明四諦之理
而招來十二因緣之苦

所以我們要知道,煩惱其實就是由無明起。無明其實就在一念間,我們若沒有好好,常常自我反省、保持著淨明的智慧,若如此,那個妙明的智慧被一念所污染,那就是沒完沒了。所以說「乃至無始無明,住地恆沙煩惱」。
就是從四諦十二緣,那樣開始一直延續下來。不知道過去什麼時候開始,一念不覺開始,一直一直住著;一直執著產生很多種子,牽引至我們的藏識,所以我們不斷地順六道的生死,所以「恆沙煩惱」,就是表示無量無量,無數很多煩惱,它就會:
起四住地 構於三界
苦果煩惱 無量無邊
惱亂賢聖 六道四生

「四住地」的煩惱,什麼是四住地煩惱?就是我們的本性。
四住地:
1.見一切住地
2.欲愛住地
3.色愛住地
4.有愛住地
常常告訴大家,我們有「三理四相」的煩惱;我們有「成往壞空」,就是在天地之間;我們的身體有「生老病死」,在我們身體的「四相」;在我們的心理,我們有「生住異滅」,很微細的遷流。
三理四相
物理:成、住、壞、空
生理:生、老、病、死
心理:生、住、異、滅

我們的心理,常常都是非常微細,說:「你有沒有生氣?」你若沒有表現出來,我在說話,你在生氣,我也不知道,真的是很微細。「我有沒有得罪你?」你若沒有表達出來,真的沒有人知道,很微細。
就是因為我有罪你,所以你會一直累積,在你的心地中,對我這個人你一直都不喜歡。你若一直對我這個人不喜歡,住著在你的心中,如此不斷在我們說話接觸時,或是我做的事情,你會生起,對的,你會嫉能妒賢;若是錯的,你會排斥我。
有很多,無形中對方會感受到,你為什麼會這樣?那就變成對立了!這都是在微細中不斷累積,不斷累積。如此遷流變化,這在人人的心理,生起一念煩惱,無明就這樣住著了。
有時候這念頭一起:「好事,大家要趕快來做,我應該也要發心修行。」生出這念心。到底這念心生出了,是不是能永遠保持?
這念修行的心,知道道理,佛陀已經指出一條路讓我們走,我們已決心要走這條路嗎?我們這念心,這念志是否能堅持?但是能堅持的,我們就一路走下去。
但是人就是凡夫,起起滅滅,生住異滅。在這之間,起了這念心很好,若經過一段時間,慢慢累積了煩惱;煩惱不斷住著在我們的心中,本來生出的道心,就被煩惱逐漸住著,一直佔領了。所以侵佔了道心,慢慢心念就變了。
我們的心念常常在變,無法一輩子起了這一念,堅持守之不動、億百千劫,很難。所以「變異」後就「滅」了,道心就滅掉了;道心若滅除,煩惱心就生起。
道理一樣,我們若是有煩惱,我們若能起道心修行。意志堅定,慢慢就把無明煩惱,執著在我們的心,我們慢慢就會將它趕走。堅持我們的志向就住著,種種的煩惱再侵入時,我們不會被它影響,反而會更堅定我們的道念。堅定了我們的道念,自然道心不滅,回歸我們的本性清淨明覺,我們自然又回歸回來了。
不過,凡夫就是很難得反凡入聖,我們多數都是從聖入凡。本來人人都有與佛同等的明覺,就是這樣的一念無明,一直墮入紅塵,變成自己一直來擾亂自己的心。明明我們已經見道了,只要我們好好去身體力行,但是我們就是常常在,這四住地的煩惱中,生住異滅。明明起了一念道心,雖然暫時在我們的心中,不論多久,它也很容易變異,也很容易滅除。
生住異滅,微細的煩惱遷流,所以就會產生了無量無邊的煩惱,所以名為「恆沙煩惱」。各位,生住異滅,我們若能回歸,知道我們已經,滿心的無明煩惱,我們若能知道,如何堅定我們的志向,如何住著在我們內心,回歸產生我們這念清明妙覺,這樣不知道多好!不過,人都是隨著水下流,煩惱水就是濁氣的水流,隨著污水下流而去,這就是我們人生的苦。
所以這種,「妄起四住九地之愛」,「四住」就是剛才說的,生住異滅;「九地」,過去也已經解釋過了。
三界共有九地
欲界:
五趣雜居地
色界:
離生喜樂地
定生喜樂地
離喜妙樂地
捨念清淨地
無色界:
空無邊處地
識無邊處地
無所有處地
非想非非想處地

我們在三界,有「五趣雜居地」,有十種的居住地。除了聖、佛之外,就是「九地」,也是很多的煩惱,造成了我們的三界。
「三界」就是,欲界、色界、無色界。不論是在九地雜居的地方,三界中,我們都是在二報。二報就是依、正二報,「依」就是依父母的緣,我們受生,「報」,「正報」,是我們帶來的善惡業,惡業若是很重,哪怕你和一對父母,很富有,很明理的父母,你依緣而生;但是雖然這個家庭很好,但是你自己的正報、惡業、過去的習性帶來,一直很不受教,無法接受家教。
你看,我們現在社會,有多少不受家教的孩子!他們放蕩在外,讓父母想盡辦法,哪怕再請家教來教,心也是收不回來,也是無法一心在學業,這也是有。
或是和父母由孽緣而來時,不僅家庭環境不好,甚至一直怨天恨地,怨母恨父,怨恨父母,像這樣再回頭傷害父母,這叫做業力。
我們幾天前,不也說過閻羅殿,那種帶業到那裡去,哪怕是父子至親,也是對簿公堂。在地獄的審判和陽間就不同了,陽間的法官生死在他的手中,有時候司法一點偏差,社會輿論一點壓力,說不定冤獄也很多;或是這個被判冤獄,或是重最輕判,這也是很多。
所以說來,無論你造了什麼業,分分已獲。有的人問:「真的有地獄嗎?」
「有啊!」
「看不到。」
「有啊!人間你也看得到!」
看看在非洲,在衣索匹亞,在非常貧困苦難的地方,去看看,人間地獄,到醫院去看看,真的無論鋸腳、鋸手,或者是將舌頭拉出來,割開等等都有,或者是拔舌等等很多。
所以不要認為沒有地獄,沒有報應。真的因為我們一念無明起,「妄生四住」,就是生住異滅。造成我們在凡夫地,「九地之愛」,都有愛。三界中都有愛,所以就會起心動念,造很多的業報。報應了依報,你依於邊地下賤的地方,依那個地方的緣,你就要生在那裡,依你自己本身的正報,哪怕你生於很繁榮,很好的家庭,很好的父母,但是雖然你依報生在那裡,但是你自己的正報,不肯學好等等,一直累積自己的業,這叫做「正報」。
有的人生於很貧困的環境,但是他也有出頭的日子,他很勤奮,他很認真,有好的因緣,生命中的貴人,所以他也有他能夠翻身發達,這也有。所以我們都是那念無明,所以我們造成很多苦果煩惱,這種名目實在是很多,無量無邊。
但是我們不懂得選擇賢聖,我們反而還去惱亂他們,是要來教導我們,是很好的人。我們遇到很好的老師,遇到很好的父母,遇到很好的人,但我們反而惱亂他們、惱亂父母的心。
父母很盡心要栽培,他就惱亂他們;那很好的老師要教他,他就是讓老師很頭痛;很好的人在一旁,一直要輔導他,但是沒有辦法。所以像這樣「惱亂賢聖」,或者是「不擇賢聖」,這種人生都很辛苦。
各位,我們學佛,真的是要相信,佛陀來人間,他見到這麼多苦相,所以他才思考,如何追求受苦的由來。所以他發現了很多,因為集而來的煩惱,造成這個苦;既然集來的煩惱是集來的,那當然能滅掉。既然是將它集來的,自然就能掃除;若要掃除就有方法,你要修行於道。所以佛陀來人間說道,他是見道者、說道者,同時也是行道者;我們應該要相信,佛陀所說的法,所以我們要時時多用心。

Wednesday, May 23, 2012

《靜思晨語。法譬如水》315. 執相煩惱


The Affliction of Attachment

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影音版 優酷網 External link mark | YouTube External link mark

學佛者必定以「誠、正、信、實」為內修,以「慈、悲、喜、捨」為外行。
Buddhists practitioners must cultivate sincerity, integrity, faith, and resolve and practice kindness, compassion, joy, equanimity.
要直心是道場,就沒有煩惱;簡單最美,就是要有真善的念,這就是我們修行者的心境。
If we base our practice on integrity, we will have no afflictions. Simplicity is beauty It is having truly virtuous thoughts, which is the state of mind that practitioners should have.


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諂曲面譽 不直心煩惱
強獷難觸 不調和煩惱


所以經文中處處提醒我們,我們的心要直,不要有--「諂曲面譽,不直心煩惱」;我們若使「強獷難觸」,那就會有「不調和煩惱。」
That is why the Sutras remind us that we must be genuine in our hearts. Otherwise, when we are "insincere and flattering, afflictions of dishonesty arise." If we are "rough or unapproachable," then "afflictions of disharmony arise".
「諂曲面譽」意思是說,我們的心不直,看到人都是以諂曲的形態。意思就是一直去讚歎人,對也讚歎,錯也讚歎,一直要去博取人的歡喜。
Being "insincere and flattering" means one is dishonest with others and tries to curry favor with them This means that one always praises people, whether they are right or wrong, just for the sake of pleasing them.
這種叫做「諂曲」,也是叫做「諂媚」,在人前裝得好像對人人都很好,在人背後就說人壞話或輕視人,這種人的心實在很不正直,很彎曲。
This is flattery or adulation, pretending to be nice to everyone, then speaking ill of them behind their backs. The mind of this type of person is insincere and rather twisted.
名不直心煩惱,這種人就是會有不直心的煩惱。
These kinds of people have the affliction of dishonesty.
我們若直心就是道場,竟然對人,有人前,背後的差別。有的人會說:「你剛才怎麼什麼都那麼誇獎,那麼尊重他。現在你才說,他有這麼多,這麼多缺點,或是輕視?你怎麼這樣。」我們就能知道,這就是不正直的煩惱。
We take sincerity as our practice So if we behave one way in front of others and another behind their backs, people may say, "A moment ago, you praised him so intently and with so much respect. But now you say that he has so many shortcomings! You have so much contempt. Why would you behave like this?" Then we should realize that this is the affliction of dishonesty.
所以被人說了,我們的心也會煩惱,所以我們人前人後一致,他如果真的值得我們尊重他,值得我們誇讚他,我們應該人前人後,我們要以很正直的心。
When people point this out, we may be vexed. We should be consistent in how we treat others. If someone is really worthy of our respect and praise, we should act sincerely in and out of his presence.
聽到有人說這個人如何、如何,我們就要以正直心出來說:「不是的,他平時不是這樣;不是像你說的這樣!他做事雖然是一板一眼,但是他所做的是對的。」
If we hear others disparaging the person, then we should defend him. We should say, "This is not the case. He is normally not like that. It is not the way you described. Although he is very particular about things, everything that he does is right."
我們替他善解一下,這也是直心。反過來是面前誇讚,背後才背誚他,這樣就不對了。這樣人家在背後,也會批評我們,說我們的心不直;也會被人批評:面前那麼誇讚人,背後那麼背誚人。我們自己本身就先是這樣,才會同樣被批評,這就是不直煩惱。如此也招來我們被人輕視,這種也叫做煩惱。
If we are understanding toward others, that is also a form of sincerity. But if we praise others in their presence and criticize them later, then this is not right. If we do that, others may likewise criticize us behind our backs, saying that we are not sincere. Or they may criticize the way we lavishly praise others in their presence, but ridicule them behind their backs. If we behave like this, it is the affliction of dishonesty, and others will despise us. This is also a type of affliction.
要不然就是一種,「強暴粗獷一觸便瞋」。有的人沒有心機,雖然他沒有對人諂曲,但是他凡事直率得那麼強,又那麼暴躁。
There is another type of person who is "abrasive and quick-tempered". These people do not have devious thoughts. But though they do not flatter others, they are blunt and ver irritable.
不對就是不對,馬上就要說,一點婉轉的機會都沒有,很強勢的樣子。這種暴氣就是很粗魯,很粗獷。
When they feel something is wrong, they let others know right way. There is no room for compromise. They are very domineering, blunt and rude.
對人應該要細膩温柔一點,雖然他人有錯,我們也要以權巧方法,我們要循循善誘。看看佛陀在教化眾生,也要設很多種方法,來權巧教導他們。
We should be gentle. Even if others make mistakes, we should use skillful methods to guide them gently and patiently. Just look at how the Buddha taught. He made use of many different methods to ingeniously guide sentient beings.
所以雖然他不對,善與惡我們分得很清楚,善的人,要如何讚歎他;惡的人,我們要以何種方法,慢慢調伏他,我們就不要那麼粗獷。
Whether someone is right or wrong, we must clearly discern good from evil. If one is virtuous, we should praise him accordingly. If one is evil, we use various methods to slowly transform him. We need to not be too rough in our approach.
我們自己這麼強暴,這麼粗獷。不要人家若稍微說你一下,說你這樣不對。稍微說我們一下,我們就現出瞋怒的形態。若是這樣,那就更不對了,如此「名不調和煩惱」。
If we are abrasive, when others mention that we have done something wrong or try to gently correct us, we immediately express anger; that is an even worse mistake. This is called the affliction of disharmony.
所以,修行就是在人群中,在人群中大家好好調和好了。人群中假使有一個人,引起心和行不調和,這就很容易引起第二個人,在我們背後生是非;就會引起第三個人的粗獷,甚至還會引起第四個人惹來是非,這樣一個接一個下去,這樣就很麻煩了。
We practice within a community, so we must be able to harmonize with others. One person in a community whose mind and actions are in disharmony, can easily cause a second person to stir up disputes with others. Then a third person becomes antagonistic, which causes a fourth person to make trouble. This would become very troublesome, indeed.
所以,修行就要温柔善順,不能有這種不調和的形態。
So we must be gentle and sincere in practice; we must not be divisive.
第一當然我們不勿諂曲他人,刻意奉承在人前,背後才背誚人,我們不必這樣。
First, we should not flatter others. We must not purposely flatter them, then become cynical behind their backs.
但是,我們更不必聽到就受不了,就那麼粗獷,這樣會沒有人敢指正我們。若一指正,當場就發生那種不調和的氣氛,那很麻煩。
Nor should we get upset and act rudely. If we do, nobody will dare correct us, knowing that it will instantly create disharmony and all kinds of problems.
所以,我們要大家將心調好。我們生活一定是在人群中,不一定在修行的道場裡,在社會也一樣,人和人之間彼此相處,我們一定要時時,將我們的心調和好,這樣的社會才能祥和。
So we all need to adjust our minds. We have to live among people, not only in a place of spiritual cultivation, but also in society. When interacting with each other, we must always keep our minds in harmony. Only then can society be harmonious.


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易忿難悅 多含恨煩惱
嫉妒擊刺 狠戾煩惱
If we are easily upset and hard to please, afflictions of hatred arise. If we are jealous and attack others, afflictions of ruthlessness arise.


再來是:「易忿難悅,多含恨煩惱。」或是:「嫉妒擊刺,狠戾煩惱。」
Next is, "If we are easily upset and hard to please, afflictions of hatred arise. If we are jealous and attack others, afflictions of ruthlessness arise."
這都是我們的心態,我們若是很容易就忿忿不平。無論什麼事情,對社會,對人群,對人與人之間,我們都心懷那分忿怒不平,無論如何你都不高興。人家對你好,你也不高興;用心勸解,你也不高興;或者是等等…常常都有憤世不平的心態,我們就要很注意了。這種心是不是開始,有心理毛病呢?要不然,為什麼我們看到什麼事,都那麼容易起那分,忿而難悅的心?為什麼聽到事情,我們都不會起歡喜心?
This is all about our attitude. If we easily become resentful, whether towards events, towards society, towards the community, or towards other people, then we will never be happy, with anger constantly in our hearts. When people are nice to us, we are not happy. When they try to persuade us, we are still not happy. If we are always resentful, then we have to wonder if we have psychological problems. Otherwise, why does everything we see easily cause us resentment and make us unhappy? Why does everything we hear make us feel miserable.
看到人家做得好,你也認為:你是在討好別人,在獻殷勤。看到他人對別人好,我們也不高興;看到他人對別人不好,不對的事我們在勸他,這樣我們也不高興!像這種人內心時時都有恨意,這種忿恨的心態,這就是煩惱。
When we see others doing well, we believe that they are currying favor to get ahead. When we see someone who is nice to others we are also unhappy. And when we see someone mistreating others and try to advise them about it, we are still unhappy. This type of person always has hatred deep inside. This mind of hatred is an affliction. This mind of hatred is an affliction.
所以「容易忿怒,最難歡悅。」若有憤怒的心,就無法起歡喜心,所以,我們的心要寬容一點。常常說要「寬心」--心寬念純,我們才不會那麼容易忿怒,無法平復這個心。
One is "easily upset and hard to please". With anger in the heart, one cannot give rise to joy. So we must open our hearts a bit. We often talk about broadening the heart, With a spacious heart and pure thoughts, we will not easily get angry or have difficulty calming our minds.
再來,像這樣又容易去嫉妒人,「嫉妒擊刺」是「狠戾煩惱」。
Otherwise, we will easily become jealous of others "Being jealous and attacking others" is "the affliction of ruthlessness".
我們要想一想,我們看到賢聖,我們要心存那分尊重的心。
We have to think about it When we see noble sages, we must maintain a sense of respect.
不是常說嗎?「三人行必有我師焉,我們擇其善而從之。」是善,是好的,我們要起尊重心,我們要向他學習,所以應該要起尊重心。我們若是看到他人能力好,我們的心就很嫉妒,嫉賢妒能,對賢聖我們起了嫉的心態。若是他人能力很好,我們就很嫉妒他,又心存「擊刺」要如何打擊他。
Isn't it often said that in a group of three, I will find my teacher? We should pick out the virtuous and follow them. If they are virtuous and good, we have to show our respect. Since we want to learn from them, we should be respectful. When we see someone who is very capable, jealousy may arise in our hearts. We may become envious of the sages and the talented. If one is talented and we are envious of him and intend to "attack" him or put him down, then we are giving in to our jealousy.
看到人長得美一點,我們也常常,「她是多美,我也不比她差多少,你怎麼不來誇讚我,為什麼要誇讚她?」這就是忌色。
When we see a beautiful person we may think, "How beautiful is she? I am equally as beautiful. Why don't you praise me? Why do you praise her?"
「他有多好,我和他,我也不輸給他,怎麼你不來奉承我?怎麼不來向我學習?怎麼不來追隨我?」像這樣,這種就是叫做容易「擊刺」去打擊人,去刺傷人。這都是不對的,這種人的心就是「狠戾」心態不調順。有這種煩惱也很苦;尤其他的錯誤都是不受規戒。
"How good is she? I am just as good. Why don't you flatter me? Why don't you learn from me? Why not follow me?" Jealousy like this easily leads to "attacks", to discrediting and harming others. All these are wrong. People like this have ruthless minds; they are in disharmony. This affliction causes much suffering, especially if one does not listen to advice.
這類的人自己自以為是,很強暴粗獷,動不動就發瞋怒,不受規戒。我們要如何勸導,教化他?這都很難。所以是不受規戒之類,實在是很頑劣。
These types of people are always self-centered, very violent, rude, easily angered, and do not listen to others. No matter how we try to advise or guide them, it remains a challenge; they are totally unapproachable and really stubborn.
當時佛陀將入滅時,阿難也是問佛說:「僧團中這麼多人,有人不受規戒,要如何調伏呢?」佛陀也很無奈,就說:「隨他去,你盡量規勸他;若是無法規勸。你就隨他去,這也沒辦法。」這也是佛陀在世時,他教導比丘,但是在僧團裡也有這種無奈的人,無法度,就是不受規戒。
Just before the Buddha passed away, Ananda asked Him, "There are so many people in the Sangha and some of them won't listen to advice; how should we overcome this?" Even the Buddha could not help, so He said, "Alas, let them be. Just try your best, and if they won't listen, then let them be. There is nothing to be done." This is what the Buddha taught the Bhiksus. Within His Sangha, there were people beyond help, who could not be transformed. They simply would not listen to advice.


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凶險暴害 慘毒煩惱
乖背聖諦 執相煩惱


再來,經文再說:「凶險暴害,慘毒煩惱,乖背聖諦,執相煩惱。」
Next, the repentance text states, "Being destructive and malicious is the affliction of cruelty. Going against the Noble Truths is the affliction of attachment."
這種凶險「凶勇險惡」,這種人都能文能武,動不動都逞自己一時之勇,又很凶狠。
"Being destructive and malicious" is dangerous. Such people are very capable and will not hesitate to demonstrate it, in a very ruthless manner.
看看我們社會也有這樣的人,有時候有人討債討不到,就說:「你怎麼那麼笨討不到,我去。」結果動到無論是抄家滅族,這類事我們的社會也有。或是「為什麼你被他欺負!來,我幫你出一口氣。」這種「凶勇險惡」社會上都有。
There are people like that in our society. When others fail to collect a debt, they say, "How stupid are you that you can't collect; I'll do it." They may kill a whole family to collect the debt. This actually happens in our society. Or, they say, "Why you are being bullied? Come on, let me get even for you." These dangers exist.
所以佛陀也是很慨嘆,這種人就是「暴害良善」很容易欺悔良善之人。看人善良,他就吃定他人,這種人「名為慘毒煩惱」。
So the Buddha felt deeply about this These people are "bullying the good and the kind". They often take advantage of those who are kind and honest. They know for sure that they can fully them. This is called the affliction of cruelty.


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聖諦真理
無相不相
反心為乖背
此名為執相煩惱
The Noble Truths, the Ultimate Truth, are without appearance or attachment to appearance. By rejecting these, they demonstrate the affliction of attachment.


接下來說:「聖諦真理,無相不相,反心為乖背,此名為執相煩惱。」
Next is, "The Noble Truths, the Ultimate Truth, are without appearance or attachment to appearance. By rejecting these, they demonstrate the affliction of attachment."
我們若說學佛,我們要依順佛的道理,佛與菩薩,聖賢真理,是經千古而不變,我們應該要依循聖諦的道理。
If we are to learn Buddhism, we should follow the Buddha's principles. The truth taught by the Buddha, Bodhisattvas and sages has survived the test of time. We should follow the Noble Truths.
聖諦的道理「有相無相、無相不相」。裡面的道理,有很多看不到,但是無論是有相,無相等等的真理解釋,他都不能接受。無論是事,事就是看得到的;或是道理看不到的,這些等等人事的調合方法,他不肯接受。以聖賢流傳下來的道理規勸他,他也不肯接受,像這種叫做反心乖背,就是違背道理。
The Truth is "with and without appearance; there is no appearance or attachment to appearance." The meaning of this is beyond what we can see. But whether truth is with or without appearance, these people reject the explanations of the truths. Whether it is a tangible subject matter or an intangible principle, they reject any efforts to bring harmony. They even reject the principles passed down by the sages. This is called "rejecting all truths" and is going against the principles.
人情世故他違背,這種人差不多都是,凶勇險惡的人。這種暴害良善的人,無論何種聖諦的道理,乖違人事,人情事故這些都違背了。何況道理呢?所以這叫做「反心乖背,名為執相煩惱」。以為自己很大,很勇、很猛、很強,這種人實在無法治理。
They reject social etiquette, too. People like this are ruthless and dangerous. They attack the sincere and kind-hearted. They act against all principles of the Nobles Truths. They even act against social norms and customs, let alone the true principles! This is "rejecting all principles" and "holding the affliction of attachment". Such people believe they are great, courageous, forceful and strong. These people are truly unmanageable.
佛在世時,也說了一個故事。
When the Buddha was alive, He told this story.
有一隻猴子在深山修行,牠所修的性情比人還聰慧。有一天,看到一個人跌下谷底,那是很深的山谷,已經不知道幾天了,在那裡哀叫,都沒有人將他救上來。這隻猴子不忍心,所以,牠就找路下去救他。要爬上去很不容易,猴腳猴手要爬都不容易了,何況還要背一個人上來。
There was a monkey in the jungle practicing Dharma it had attained more wisdom than an average human. One day, it saw a man fall to the bottom of a deep ravine For many days he called for help, but there was nobody to save him. The monkey could not bear it any more, so it found a way down to save the person. It was not easy to climb back up, let alone carry a person on its back.
手舉著石壁,攀得手都流血了,要抓樹藤,攀樹枝,從谷底好不容易將他救上來。猴子也累了,人也累了,因為人已經好幾天沒有進食,猴子也已經整個手都是傷,出了很多力,很累了,就想要躺下休息。這個人餓了好幾天,即使想睡也睡不著,也很累,那時心中就起了惡念,看到這隻猴子睡著那麼熟。他想:「反正牠是畜生,我殺這隻猴子來充飢,等有力氣我再離開這個地方。」
Hanging on to the rocks, its hands bled from gripping vines and branches. With great efforts, it finally carried the man out of the ravine. The monkey was tired; so was the man. The man had not eaten for several days. The monkey, whose limbs were wounded, had exerted a lot of energy and was very tired. It wanted to lie down for a rest. The man had been without food for several days and could not sleep, though he was very tired, too. Then an evil thought arose in his mind. Looking at the monkey deeply asleep, he thought, "It is an animal, after all. Let me kill the monkey for food and leave here when I regain my strength."
所以他拿石頭,往猴子頭上砸下去。猴子手腳很靈敏,雖然頭破,受傷流血,但沒有死,翻身爬上樹。這個人又用棍子往樹上打,就是要打死牠。
So he picked up a rock, and struck the monkey's head. The money did not die. Even with its head wounded and bleeding, it was still very agile. It turned around and climbed into the trees. The man again tried to hit it with a stick. He was determined to kill it.
這隻猴子一直流血,當時牠的內心,起了一分悲憫的心,絕對不怨恨,只有悲憫:「我想救他,但是我只救了他的身體,我郤沒有救起他的心。」牠就發願,發願:「但願這個人,能在來生遇到聖賢,或是我要好好修行,和這個人結好緣,也許來生我能度他。」 看,人不如畜生!
Though the monkey was bleeding, a sense of empathy arose deep inside. There was absolutely no hatred, just compassion "I tried to save him, but I only saved his body and not his mind." The monkey then thought to himself, "May this person meet nobles and sages in his future life. Otherwise I'll have to cultivate more diligently to create good affinity with this person. Perhaps then I will be able to help him." You see, this human being failed to measure up to an animal.
看看我們人生,這種「凶險暴害,慘毒煩惱」,在道理上都是違背道理。人情世故都違背了,何況聖人的道理,他哪能接受呢?所以這種「執相煩惱」,這是最苦不堪言。
Being "destructive and malicious" and giving rise to "affliction of cruelty" are contrary to the principles and social norms, not to mention the Ultimate Truth of the sages. How can someone like this accept the principles? So, this is called afflictions of attachment. This suffering is beyond words.
即使佛在世,僧團中不受教也是一樣,所以我們時時要用心。我們內心要心存,信實誠正為內修,我們要慈悲喜捨為外行。所以,人人時時要多用心!
Even during the Buddha's time, some within the Sangha were uncorrectable. So we have to be attentive at all times to maintain, deep from within, faith, resolve, sincerity and integrity, and practice kindness, compassion, joy, equanimity. Everyone, please always be mindful! 

Tuesday, May 22, 2012

《靜思晨語。法譬如水》314. 隨世八風






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「修行」就是我們要將這個心擴寬。
這個「寬」字能夠包容宇宙間的一切,所以我們做得到嗎?能的!就是要精進,只要精進一切諸善法,對於所有一切的善法,我們若能不斷、不斷地精進,自然我們萬事萬法,我們就看得開。我們若看得開一切,我們就能夠有辦法忍--忍一切惡的誘引。
所以光是一個「寬」字,就已經是那麼好用了,能夠普遍地善用在我們日常生活中。


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心行弊惡 不忍煩惱
怠惰緩縱 不勤煩惱


所以經文就這麼說:「心行弊惡,不忍煩惱;怠惰緩縱,不勤煩惱。」這也都是我們心中的煩惱。
已經說了這麼多天了,也是有明文指出來告訴我們,我們若是「心行蔽惡」呢,就是會從心中產生了「不忍」的煩惱,就會造成了我們的心面對人事物都是無法忍耐。
之所以會無法忍耐,就是因為我們那個的弊惡,弊端很多;那種惡念,也不斷不斷產生。這些就是因為「不忍」所以才會產生這些煩惱。
我們若是凡事心寬,遇到事情,無論是人、事、物,我們若遇到時,一個忍字,忍就是心寬,那這樣我們還有什麼煩惱呢?就沒有什麼煩惱了!
「怠惰緩縱」,這個「緩」就是什麼事情都是慢慢來;因為「怠」因為他是懈怠,所以才會什麼事情就是慢慢來;「惰」就是願意墮落;「縱」也是很急躁、隨意、放縱。像這種人也是「不勤煩惱」。
沒想到我們若知道錯了,就要趕快及時改。知道錯了還是在說:「慢慢改就好,這沒有什麼,一點點而已,一點點而已不必那麼快改。」
所以常常在說:「大錯容易改,小錯很難斷。」這就是凡夫。
我們常常在說:「不能輕視小善而不為,不能忽視掉了小惡而為之。」我們的心若要清淨,我們若要精進,能精進那怕即使是小善,我們也要很重視,要趕快去做。
就像是看到別人在提水,就走上前去,對他說:「這桶水那麼重,來,我伸手幫你拿一下。」那麼如此一點小善,我們殷勤一點,這也是叫做善。
但若我們忍心看他那樣提得那麼重,我們忍心看著,這雖然不是很大的惡,但是就是忍心別人去受苦難,這小小的他那樣提不起來,那麼辛苦,我們忍心,像這樣就是煩惱。
那人要有個「不忍心」,我們若有不忍的心,才不會造成煩惱。
那麼我們若忍心看他辛苦,不肯幫助這也是一種煩惱,所以你們看到而不去幫忙,所以才會有了「不忍煩惱」。
若如此,那樣不忍的煩惱,不忍心是不是煩惱?不是!就是因為你忍,忍知道他在受苦,我們自己的心要生出不忍;心若是有不忍,我們不忍心,就不會去讓他那麼受苦。
所以說我們人有時候,看法、聽法也會有差錯,這裡的「不忍煩惱」,就是「你的心缺少了不忍心」--你少了不忍心,就是忍心他受苦;看人在受苦,或者是造惡讓人受苦,這些全都是叫做不忍心的煩惱。因為你的心少了不忍,所以你會造成很多的煩惱。
所以我們要好好,常常在這些日常生活中要去精進,善的要不斷地去累積,那怕即使是小善;那惡的我們要時時提起警覺的心,不要蒙蔽了我們的心。這種「弊惡不忍煩惱」,就是蒙蔽了我們的心,這些我們要很注意。
註 1:這裡的不忍的意思,並不是「不忍心」的那個「不忍」,而是「不」去「忍」住自己的貪欲、放縱、為惡的心念。
註 2:這裡的「忍」,在《大方廣佛華巖經隨疏眼義鈔。卷85》當中有一段話可以更明確的了解:「三、內忍貪瞋,外忍違順,則萬行端嚴也。」意思就是,在內自我要求,不起貪瞋的心念;對外,也能自我要求,不做錯誤的惡事,那在修行當中,一切的行為都是最莊嚴與殊勝的。
註 3:所以,我們可以了解,這邊的「忍」,其實是「自我要求」的意思。再與上人的開示內容相對照,其實「忍」就是「諸惡莫做,眾善奉行」,而「不忍」就是「諸惡隨意而為,眾善放捨不為」的意思。換個更簡單的說法來解釋:「忍,就是自愛;不忍,就是不自愛。」
那尤其是這種的「怠惰緩縱」,這種是不勤的煩惱。
我們要很殷勤,我們若很殷勤,我們自己的工作做好了,看到他怎麼還沒做好,怎麼那麼慢?就會主動:「來,我幫你做一點,趕快做。」這也就是叫做殷勤。
我們若是殷勤,他感恩我們,我們心裡也很輕安。
所以這個「怠惰緩縱」,也是不勤的煩惱。所以那怕即使只有一點點的小善行,我們還是一樣要趕快做。


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疑慮躁動 覺觀煩惱
觸境迷惑 無知解煩惱
隨世八風 生彼我煩惱



再來又在說:「疑慮躁動,覺觀煩惱;觸境迷惑,無知解煩惱;隨世八風,生彼我煩惱。」
大家要好好聽,我們「修習禪那」,意思就是說我們大家修行,也都希望能有「靜寂清澄,志玄虛漠」這種心靈的境界,也等於是「定」。我們還要嗯「守之不動,億百千劫」,這全都是禪。
要知道,「挑柴擔水無不是禪,喝水吃飯也無不是禪」,這就是我們定心。我們的心要定,這就是我們要修行的方向。
但是我們反過來就是多疑慮,我們的心會疑。看看「貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑」這五鈍使中,這個疑就是在其中。
在這個外面的境界我們有很多的疑慮,我們若是疑啊、煩惱啊,那就容易憂鬱症,心理自然就會有病。
所以我們的心胸要放很開闊,不要對人、事、物,動不動就是起疑。一旦有了疑慮,那就產生了疑的煩惱。
又再來「躁動不停,名是覺觀煩惱」。這種是很沈、很沈,什麼事情都提不起來。我們的精神力量,只是在那裡疑、疑、疑、懷疑,什麼事情都不去做,像是這種的煩惱。
還有的,另外一種,什麼事情都不去考慮好,覺得以為做就對了,不去分別這是對的?或是不對的?已經是不對的事情,你還去做,那就是不對了!
雖然我們看到什麼事情,我們要趕緊去做,但是我們要考慮,所以是和非要分清楚。
是對的事情,我們要很積極,很精進去做。就如同剛才說的,那怕即使是小善,我們也要趕緊去做。
若是不對的事情啦,我們絕對動不得。這呢就是不對的,不對的就不能做。
但是若是躁動不停的這種人,都一直停不下來,只會一個衝動,就想:「那為什麼你們都不去做?既然你們不做,我就來去做。」像這樣,已經是不對的,還去做,那做了當然就是不對,想要後悔就已經不對了。
所以說,我們那種觸境迷惑而無知,很快躁動起來時,不分對或不對,是非不明,這種「覺觀煩惱」,這是思想中的煩惱。
再來就是說那種「觸境迷惑」。意思就是說,我們面對著什麼樣的境界,我們昏迷不清,搞不清楚。
既然知道錯了,大家告訴你,說:「你這樣做不對。」但是他就是不改,就是認為說:「我既然決定了,我若不做,我就是沒有面子。」或者是有什麼樣的利益掛鉤,雖然內心後悔了,但是行動還是繼續我行我素,這種就是「觸境迷惑」,這也是一種昏迷不能自覺。
像這種,就沒有覺悟的機會。這就是無知,這種「無知解」的煩惱,就是無知的煩惱。


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八風又名八法
即利衰毀譽稱譏苦樂
此八法常為世人所愛憎
而且又能煽動人心
所以叫做八風



那無知實在真的很可憐,所以才會「隨世八風,生彼我煩惱」。
什麼是「隨世八風」呢?「八風」在這個世間不離開八項--
「八風」又名「八法」,即「利、衰、毀、譽、稱、譏、苦、樂」。此八法常為世人所愛憎,而且又能煽動人心,所以叫做八風。這種世間八種的風,來搖得我們的心不定,這八種就是「利」。
「利」真的是讓人顛倒昏迷,現在我們很擔心的,就是擔心這種權、利益。那個權益很大呢,一點偏差啦,那真的步步錯誤,留下來的就是眾生的悲苦,這實在令我們很擔心。
這種權利大,這種迷惑不自覺啦,那這樣這種利字就很辛苦。不只是自己造成惡果,造成這種千百世被人咒罵,遺臭後世;也是讓所有的人民,在地球上生活得苦不堪言,所以這就叫做「利」。
是不是永遠都是這樣?真的很風光,利益、權利很大呢? 也沒有!人生幾何,到底多少時間。
只是一場的錯誤,但是後來會怎麼樣呢?「衰」--衰敗。這個名利有衰敗的日子啊,到那時候也是真的很苦難。
再來呢就是「毀」,那很多事情因為他的決定,使整個經濟衰敗;不只是使整個經濟的衰敗,同時也毀掉了生活的來源,不管只是水啊、糧啊,等等…這也是毀。
權利若大呢,他會造成了人民這種衰、毀。那在這之間,無論是利啊或者是衰、毀,這都在一個人的權益中。
有的人就很讚歎,做對了讓人民有利益,被人讚歎,或者是被人稱頌,或者是被人譏毀,背後批評等等…
或者是到時候我們心裡會難過,或者是得到這個利、或讚歎,或者是稱揚,這都是很快樂的時候。那在他有權有利,他能夠做什麼事情,都隨心所欲那個時候;但是背後也是很多人,在批評他不對等等…但是自己都想不到這樂等等…這幾種自己都不知覺,這都叫做「昏迷煩惱」。
這種觸境迷惑無知解,這全都是煩惱,在這八種。看看是不是有八種呢?利、衰、毀、譽、稱、譏、苦、樂,是不是有八種呢?這些東西都在人的行為中。
所以有權力的時候,就要戰戰兢兢,要很小心。假使一點的不小心,這個八風稍微一吹,我們的心呢就開始搖動起來,這呢就很苦了。
本來我們是要修禪那,意思就是說我們要有「靜寂清澄,志玄虛漠」,心很寬闊的這種境界,真的很寂靜。我們選擇了對的事情,我們就是要精進去做就對了,那我們若能夠如此,這個八風就吹不動我們的心波。
所以人世間就只因為八風--「八法」。這八種都是惡法,「常為世人所愛憎」,這為了權、為了名、為了利,大家爭啊、爭啊!為了被人稱揚、稱歎,大家不可一世,這樣的樂;不知道有衰、毀,或者是很多苦在我們的後面,都不知道。
所以這全都是使我們在這個世間,那樣心常常起波動。無論是愛啊、憎恨啊,都離不開這八種。
「而且又能煽動人心」--它會煽動人的心,什麼是有利的趕快去做,有了利就要去包庇。
那這「八惡」全都是在我們的世間人,人人會做到的,稍一不慎,所以這全都會煽動人心,很容易犯,所以叫做「八風」。
各位這個八風是很輕易就會犯著,我們人人應該要好好將心照顧好,絕對不要有這分八惡在我們心中;心若有八惡,這個蒙蔽了,那我們會造成了這種不忍的煩惱。
因為你缺了那種不忍心,你會造成了很多的後悔,或者是懈怠呢,或者是很急躁,這種煩惱很粗獷,都顯現在人的面前。
或者是疑慮來造成了思想的錯誤,覺觀的錯誤、煩惱,或者是無知解的煩惱,這若一直不斷做下去,那這樣我們就容易受八風吹動。一旦落入在那個憎恨和愛的環境中,我們就是苦不堪言了。
所以我們人應該要時時呢,要相信我們的佛性;在我們人人的心中,要有一個寬字;要精進一切諸善法,要忍一切惡之誘引。
不要一下子就被人誘引了,若被人誘引了,在那個利字,真的會讓我們造成很多千生百世的後悔;那種苦將來在閻羅殿,不是在地獄就能受盡,還要世世來人間,還要去受那種--現在造的因,未來果報的苦。
所以,我們應該要很謹慎,所以人人要時時多用心。 

Monday, May 21, 2012

《人間菩提》照見自性滌無明 (2012/05/19)






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【證嚴上人5月19日志工早會開示】精進為典範 唯法戒漏習 External link mark

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上人期許大家,唯有靠著讀書會,或是時時聽法。聽了以後,雖然我能為別人說,但是也要自我警惕,時時反省精進。攝影者:湯謹禎
「今天看到新聞,英國有位老人捐了一枚腎臟給病人。這位老人本身長期捐血,一生都想救人,雖然年紀已經有八十三歲了,但檢驗出來腎臟的生理年齡卻才四十歲,不知道是如何保養的?實在是不可思議啊!他說他這一生過得很滿足,為了回饋他這一生的滿足,只要身體有功能就不斷的付出。」
大錯易改 小過難除
證嚴上人無比讚歎這種知足的人生。不過,世間能真正滿足的人不多,就是因為習性難改。尤其是大過易改,小過才是難除。
「去年入經藏之後,大家天天接觸道理,就像一面鏡子時時反省自己。看到許多人大懺悔犯了許多大錯,這些大錯要改有時比較容易,反倒是小錯的習氣要改卻不容易。」
上人形容有些人講得滿口的道理,也很懺悔,說得好像已經跟過去完全不一樣了。但就像有些人過去脾氣暴躁,已經懺悔改過了,但平日和人講話,說著說著,突然脾氣又「爆炸」起來了。只不過是火氣小了一點,「爆炸」的頻率也比較少了。
「總之,習氣要改不容易,小錯要去除需要時間。但要多久呢?有時候時間拖久了,又難改變了。」
持續精進 對治惡習
上人提起晨語時,談到佛陀真實的「一乘法」,就聯想到某些人的小習氣,也是真的很難改。
「人的習性就是這樣啊!難怪佛陀要懷抱在內心、呵護在內心,久久於無法把這樣微妙、一乘的真實法說出來。因為知道說出來,人人很難接受,講久了就沒有價值感了。有時候人家說「常罵不怕」,真理聽久了也會厭煩。」
上人感慨要用什麼樣的方法,來對治人們內心這種習性的小毛病呢?其實就是要持續精進!法要入心,還要入行。
「看到這位八十多歲的老人家,一生抱持平靜生活,很滿足。他的滿足是來自於持續不斷的付出。像捐血,在臺灣年過幾歲就不能捐血,但他在英國還是照樣捐血,他的腎臟八十三歲了,還可以捐給年輕人,這實在是很不可思議,就是因為日常抱持那樣的平常心。」
悲智印記 浸潤法中
在臺灣,去年配合入經藏,法譬如水的讀書會開始起步。其中經藏演繹僅僅呈現了三分之一的歌詞內容,還有三分之二沒有演繹。因此上人呼籲人人要靈山法會不散,將法譬如水的歌詞內容,一字一字的背下來,總共有四千多字,然後讀書會繼續進行。
「他們說今年一定要把它完成,我心裡就想:今年背誦完了,明年要他再背什麼呢?背過了就過了,那不就是把經文拋在腦後了嗎?不是應該人人要放在內心裡嗎?」
因此,今年在大愛臺啟動開設一個「悲智印記」節目,希望透過手語,讓人們逐字記住,並且要訓練到,手就是在說法。希望人人更專心、更用心,浸潤在法中。法入心、更要法入行,這都是我們還要繼續努力的。」
浴佛孝親 稚子能解
讀書會是一種精進的方式,浴佛也是一樣。一整個五月,全球各地浴佛還在陸續地進行中,海地也將在五月底舉行浴佛。
「浴佛不是只有五月中而已,五月是浴佛、孝親、還有全球慈濟日三節合一,行孝行善不能等,還要感恩佛陀到人間,增長我們的慧命,給很豐富的法水。所以五月就是感恩月,要感恩父母的親恩;要感恩佛法的法水滋潤之恩;我們要感恩天下慈濟人用心、用愛在付出。所這些都是為自己來祝福,所以慈濟人全球推動三節合一。」
近期臺南、高雄、花蓮教育志業的孩子們陸續舉辦浴佛典禮,同時也表達孝親的概念。
「幼稚園的孩子用心描述他們所理解的孝親,感恩媽媽、感恩爸爸,每一個都有他們的心得。浴佛也懂得佛陀的教育,素食愛護動物、尊重生命,他們都很能理解,看到這樣的教育,真的是很美。」
同時,海外的馬來西亞,也是以讀書會、浩大的陣容演出「父母恩重難報經」(音樂手語劇),表達出對孝親的那一分感恩。
「奉茶的時候,父母感動得哭成這樣。孩子只是對父母一句感恩的話,媽媽就說:『這樣都值得了。』父親說:『所有的辛苦都消解了。』看,這種的天下父母心,所求不多,孩子一個笑容,輕輕地捶一下背,他們就已經很滿足了。」
上人慈示,對所有的人都要用父母心來面對,不要跟他計較,只要他有一點點的回饋,我們就要感恩。「所以有感恩心,你才會有恆久的愛心。就像在對待孩子一樣,這一種的父母心來對待眾生,這叫做菩薩心;菩薩心如父母心,你甘願為他付出,這實在是我們要學習的。」
精而不懈 長者典範
除了菩薩心如父母心之外,上人勗勉大家更要精進,有精進才能持久這一分愛的能量,假如沒有精進,很快就會懈怠掉。
「我們看到了加拿大有一位林玉如老菩薩,八十五歲了,為了既定每個禮拜的讀書會,他絕不缺席。今年三月有一天,大雪紛飛,非常寒冷,很多人都不敢出門。大家都認為:天氣這麼的寒冷,老菩薩不會來了。可是他還是堅持一定要來,冒著大雪、踏著深深的雪印,他還是出現在讀書會裡,大家都被他的認真所感動。」
林玉如告訴大家:「感恩慈濟,讓我日子很充實。讓我在這樣的年紀,還可以讀書,還可以瞭解道理。」
「所以他用感恩心。所以,哪怕雪下得再大,他也要把握機會。這種的精進,我真的是讚歎得自己也很慚愧。」
另一位七十歲吳文義老菩薩也是一樣,都是不斷地參加讀書會、不斷地把握機會來懺悔。
「他懺悔過去習性很暴躁,稍稍有一點不如意,會把這個氣,發在他的妻兒上,只要他不高興,妻兒就受災殃。所以,當他參加讀書會以後,句句的法都深入心坎裡,因此他用真誠的心來懺悔,不放棄任何一場讀書會,這都是精進。」
一乘真實 戒習可獲
上人開示,我們總是小習性很難改,有時候覺得讀書會,今天沒聽到沒關係,我聽錄音帶就好;暫時停下來也沒關係、下一刻也差不多。但是這種差不多的心態,就是讓我們沒有辦法重視佛法的主要原因。
「我們時時都可以認為:我已經聽了,有聽到了,我會記住,我已經能夠去告訴別人了。但有聽到、記住了,這樣的人實在是很多,他可以跟很多人做分享。但是你要他真的很有耐心,浸潤在法裡,可不簡單。師父早上不是說,法是從聲音出來的,有人聽進去,聲聞,這樣不是很好?一個能說,一個能聽,就是用這樣的法。」
上人感概一直想把法華經裡面「一乘」的真實法傳給大家,但就是差了這一層,很難說破,也很難被理解。
「一直我都很難說破那一層,那樣最微妙的那一層--就是妙有的法、一乘的真實法。就是在那一點上,因為我們的心,無法浸潤在佛陀想要說的那個最重要的法,所以我們天天都要繞在這裡:你聽懂了嗎?我聽懂了!我知道了!但是你真的瞭解嗎?我瞭解!你做得到嗎?這就比較困難一點。就是那一點,那一點點而已,總而言之,人生矛盾的很多。所以大錯易改,小習性真的是很難除。」
時時聆法 學習典範
上人期許大家,唯有靠著讀書會,或是時時聽法。聽了以後,雖然我能為別人說,但是也要自我警惕,時時反省精進。
上人繼續開示:「前面有這樣老人家讓我們做典範,就是我們要學習的,要不然的話,孩子的心多變,雖然我們一直讚歎這孩子很乖,能體諒,不過他的生長的過程,會不會又被這個社會污染回去,我們都不知道?我們還是要盡心教育。」
看到一般人總是說自己有改變、有反省,上人詢問大家:但是習氣是不是真的有改?「我們可以向老人家學習,這是很固定的,他絕對不會變的,這樣的精進,那樣的真誠。感恩的事情也是,聽來好像沒有什麼,可是要做到不容易,總是我們要以精進的人來做典範。」

影音版 WMV Video External link mark | MPEG4 Video External link mark | 優酷網 External link mark | YouTube External link mark


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照見自性滌無明 External link mark
Learning and Practicing the Dharma Diligently
以父母心視眾生
浴佛教孝謝親恩
照見自性滌無明
年邁菩薩恆精進
人間典範,在英國一位83歲的老人家,最近捐出了一顆腎臟幫助別人,醫生表示這位老先生的腎臟,生理年齡只有40歲,而在加拿大,85歲的慈濟志工,為了參與讀書會,不惜冒著大雪,踏雪而來,證嚴上人在今天的志工早會也提到,老人家們這樣付出、求法若渴的精近,值得人人學習。
定期的精進共修,加拿大的慈濟志工林玉如從不缺席,雖然已經85歲,但仍然把握機會參與共修精進活動,就算大雪紛飛,但林玉如道心不退,反而感恩慈濟充實她的生活。
人間典範,在英國,高齡83歲的克雷斯,捐出了一顆腎臟助人,醫生驚訝的表示,克雷斯的腎臟生理年齡僅有四十歲,雖然克雷斯的年紀已經很大,但還是歡喜為世間人付出,這樣的長情大愛,令人佩服。
向老人家學習,從小朋友做起,在北加州,小朋友們實踐孝親精神,幫母親洗腳,從小就培養孩子感恩尊重愛的觀念,讓孩子們使未來的社會更祥和、更有希望。

證嚴法師開示內容

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看到了我們今年的浴佛,現在還在繼續地行動中。
We see that some places are continuing to hold the Buddha Day Ceremony.
五月是孝親跟佛誕的三節合一的,慈濟人就開始在推動「行善、行孝不能等」。
May is the month of Mother's Day, Buddha Day, and Tzu Chi Day. So, Tzu Chi volunteers have been promoting the idea of filial piety and doing good deeds.

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看到了我們幼稚園的孩子,他們的浴佛,還要孝親。
We also saw our kindergarteners participating in the Buddha Day Ceremony and being filial to their parents.
還有在馬來西亞,他們也是在弘揚孝親,也都是表達出了那一分的感恩。奉茶的時候,父母感動得哭成這樣。
In Malaysia, our volunteers also held events that promote filial piety and teach children to express their gratitude to their parents. When the children served tea to their parents, the parents were moved to tears.

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民眾王秀英:「我很高興,我剛才流眼淚,今天我收到最大的禮物,就是我和孩子一起跟我浴佛,就是我的禮物。」
I was so happy I cried. Today, I received my biggest gift. Participating in the Buddha Day Ceremony with my child is my gift.

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民眾 小朋友:「媽咪,我愛您。」
Mommy, I love you.

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看,這種的父母心,所求不多,孩子一個臉色的笑容,一個輕輕地捶一下,他們都已經很滿足了。
See, such is the heart of a parent. They don't ask for much. A smile or a massage from their child will make them very happy and content.
我們人人都對所有的人都是用父母心來面對,不要跟他計較。只要他有一點點的回饋,我們就要用感恩。所以有感恩心,你才會有恆久的愛心,這一種的父母心來對待眾生,這叫做菩薩心。
If we can treat everyone with the heart of a parent and don't get petty with people. If they do even the tiniest nice thing for us, we should harbor gratitude toward them. Only by having gratitude can we continue to have love for people. Treating people with the heart of a parent is what it means to have the heart of a bodhisattva.
這實在是我們要學習的。要精進,我們有精進才能持久這一分愛的能量。假如沒有精進,很快就會懈怠掉。
This is what we need to learn. We need to be diligent. Only with diligence can we keep this spirit of love in our hearts. Without diligence, we would slack off very quickly.

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不也看到了,在我們的讀書會嗎?臺灣起步,因為去年的入經藏。其實我們這「法譬如水」的歌詞才用到了三分之一而已;還有三分之二。
Look at our study groups in the community. This started in Taiwan due to the sutra adaptation last year. Actually, the sutra adaptation only covered one-third of the verses composed on the Water Repentance Text. There are two-thirds left.

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所以我要人人永遠靈山法會不散,希望人人繼續地把「法譬如水」的這一段的歌詞,都把它完全一字一字地把它背誦得很熟,還要探討。
So, all of us should continue to study and practice. I hope everyone can learn all the verses or lyrics to the point that you can recite them. You furthermore need to learn its meaning.

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這都是希望我們人人法要入心,法還要在行中。這都是我們還要繼續的。
This is all in the hope that everyone can take the Dharma to heart and live it out in their actions. So, we need to continue this.
所以讀書會也看到了好幾個國家都同時在推動。
Now we see that there are similar study groups in several countries.

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加拿大有一位我們的老菩薩,八十五歲,她在三月那個時候下著大雪,大雪紛飛,很多人都不敢出門。可是他們既定的,每個禮拜的讀書會,她絕不缺席。
There is an elderly female volunteer from Canada who is 85 years old. In March, when it was still snowing heavily, many people stayed at home and did not go out. However, for the weekly study group, she never missed a meeting.
那一天大雪紛飛,人人都認為老菩薩不會來。這麼的寒冷,可是她,她還是堅持這一天一定來。冒著大雪,踏著深深的雪地,她還是出現在讀書會裡,大家都被她感動。
On one of the meeting days, snow was falling heavily. Everyone thought that this elderly volunteer wouldn't come due to the freezing weather. But she still came. She was insistent on coming. She braved the fast falling snow, walked across the high snow accumulation, and still showed up at the study group. Everyone was moved by her.

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慈濟志工 林玉如師姊:「要向大家說一聲對不起,我從來沒有遲到的。今早八點…四十五分出來公車站等車,下雪下得全身都是。感恩慈濟讓我日子很充實,非常謝謝。」
I want to say I'm sorry. I was never late. This morning at 8:45 AM, I went to the bus stop to wait for the bus. Snow covered me from head to toe. Thank you, Tzu Chi, for enriching my life. Thank you very much.

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七十歲的也是一樣,他也都是不斷地參加讀書會,不斷地在懺悔。
There's also a 70-year-old male volunteer. He also participates in the study group and repents continuously.

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慈濟志工吳文義師兄:「我也不太喜歡講話,過去脾氣滿大的,還喜歡打孩子。我進了慈濟才了解什麼叫知恥近乎勇?這個恥,就是我們要慚愧;要懺悔,這個是恥。我把它解釋叫做懺悔。勇,就是精進;就是說,先懺悔才能夠精進。」
I don't like to talk. I used to be very temperamental and physically punished my children often. It's after joining Tzu Chi that I understand. Confucius' saying about how it takes courage to feel ashamed. To feel ashamed is to repent for our wrongs. This is my interpretation of feeling ashamed. Courage means diligence. In other words, we need to repent first before we can cultivate diligently.

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所以,他參加讀書會以後,句句的法,他都深入了他的心坎裡。所以他用真誠的心來懺悔;他還是把握著不放棄任何一場讀書會,這都是精進。
So, after he joined the study group, every teaching he learns about gets deeply imprinted into his mind. So, he sincerely repents. He never misses any meetings for the study group. This is diligence.
我們人,總是小習性很難改。
But it's very difficult for us to change our personal habits.
也曾經有聽說很懺悔,這個人真的是很…跟過去都是不一樣的。
I've heard stories of people who said they really repented for their bad temper so they tried to change.

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可是一段時間過後,大家說話說得好好的怎麼忽然間就爆炸起來?不是說改很多了?他說:「有,改很多;但是這一次的爆炸起來,比較過去的爆炸,較小一點。」我就說:「好啦,讓他慢慢改。」他說:「也有啦,那個爆炸的次數有比較少一點了。」這樣也很好啊。
But one day, during a group meeting, they suddenly lost it and exploded in fury. "I thought you said he's changed a lot," I'd ask. "He has," they'd assure me. "When he used to lose his temper, it was a lot worse." I'd reply, "Alright, so he's going to do it gradually. He is getting better." they'd say. "He explodes less frequently now." So, it was still an improvement.
總而言之,習氣要改並不那麼的簡單。小小的錯,常常都想要改過,真的是很困難。
In summary, it's not easy for people to change, especially when it comes to personal habits. People really have difficulty with it.
不過大錯要改,那就是比較容易;小錯要去除,真的要給他時間。
It's easier for them to give up major vices; as for the minor ones, they need time to work on it.
可是有的人,有時候會覺得「讀書今天沒聽到沒關係,我聽錄音帶就好。」「這一刻就是停下來也沒關係,再下一刻也差不多。」我們人都有這種差不多的心態,所以沒有辦法那樣的重視佛法。
There are some people who think that it's alright to skip the Dharma talk because they can just listen to its recording later. They think there's not much of a difference. We all pretty much have such an attitude. We don't really value the Dharma.
所以,時時都可以認為「我已經有聽到了,我會記住,我能去告訴別人。」有聽到,記住了,這樣的人實在是很多;他可以跟很多人做分享,但是你要他真的很耐心浸潤在法裡可不簡單。
And we think that having heard the teaching, we already know it and can share it with others. There are many people who are like this. They can talk about the Dharma with people. But it's hard for them to have the patience to keep their minds immersed in the Dharma.
因為我們的心無法浸潤在佛陀的想要說的那一個最重要的法。所以我們天天都要繞在這樣的「你聽懂了嗎?」「我聽懂了,我知道了。」「但是你了解嗎?」「我了解。」「你做得到嗎?」「這有比較困難一點。」就是那一點,那一點點而已。
It's because we cannot keep our minds immersed in the Buddha's most essential teaching. So, every day we do not make much spiritual progress. When asked if they understand, people all say yes, they understand. They even say they get the teaching. But can they practice it? The people will hedge and say it's a bit difficult. So, there's always something that keeps people from embracing the teaching and really practicing it.

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總而言之,人生矛盾的很多,所以大錯易改,小習性真的是很難除。唯有就是靠著在讀書會,或者是時時聽法--「聽了以後,我能為別人說;但是我們要自我警惕。」有這樣的心久了,師父有一句話:「假久會怎麼樣?」「成真!」所以我們要學習這一群老人家的那樣的勇猛精進,就是我們要學習的。
People can be rather contradictory. They can change major vices, but have a hard time changing small habits. It takes participating in study groups or listening to many Dharma talks. After hearing the teaching, people tend to preach to others but they should remember to remind themselves to practice. If they do this continually, over time, it's like what I've said before, "Fake the good behavior for a long time and it'll eventually become genuine." So, we should really emulate the elderly people we spoke of today who are still so diligent in learning and practicing goodness.
要不然的話,這種孩子心多變!雖然一直讚嘆,這孩子很乖,能體會,不過他的生長的過程會不會又被這個社會污染過去?我們都不知道。不過我們盡心教育。
Children, on the other hand, change quickly. Like the children we just praised, though they are well-behaved now, during their growing up, they might still get tainted by social influences and develop a different mentality. But, we do our best to educate them. So, when it comes to really changing our ways and turning over a new leaf, we should take the elderly as our model.
若是一般人說:「他有改變,有反省。」但是習氣是不是有改,我們可以向老人家這是很固定的、他絕對不會變的這樣的精進、那樣的真誠,我們要向他們學習。好,感恩的事情也真的是…
Once they change, they won't fall back into their old ways. That is how diligent and earnest they are in learning and changing for the better. We should learn from them.
聽來好像沒有什麼,可是要做到不容易。總是我們要以精進的人來做典範。
There are many good deeds that seem like nothing on the surface but are actually not so easy to do. So, we ought to follow the example of these diligent practitioners.