人間因為有這個身體，所以我們會產生很多世間的見解，世間有很多人的見解，所以就混亂了，所以我們現在來說「九結」。
We develop many worldly views because we have this physical body. Because so many different views exist, the world is chaotic. Let us now discuss the Nine Bonds.
愛結 恚結 慢結
無明結 見結 取結
疑結 嫉結 慳結
Nine Bonds
Craving, Anger, Arrogance, Ignorance, View, Grasping, Doubt, Jealousy, Stinginess.
前面說了四個結，第五個結就是「見」。
We have already discussed four of the Nine Bonds, the fifth is the Bond of View.
這個見有幾種呢？三種,這三種就是因為我們有身體,才開始以這三種為根本,就會產生很多很多,很複雜的見解.
How many kinds of views are there? Three. They arise because we have this body. These three basic views give rise to many other complicated views.
這三種是什麼？就是「身見」、「邊見」、「邪見」。為什麼我們會有這三種見解？
What are the three Views? View of Self, Extreme View, and Deviant View. The development of these three Views.
於身見、邊見、邪見
妄興執著廣行不善
由此遂招未來生死之苦
流轉三界不能出離
是名見結
All sentient beings, in delusion, are attached to a View of Self, Extreme View, and Deviant View. They commit a wide range of bad deeds, causing themselves to continuously transmigrate in the Three Realms with no way out. That is the Bond of Views.
就是從開始我們有這個身體出生在人間，出生在人間之後，我們對自己很自大，什麼事都是只注重自己的觀點，所以都是我對，別人的見解都是錯的。
The development of these three Views beings at birth. After birth, we become egotistical. Because we are egocentric, we think we are always right and others are wrong.
我們自己真的什麼都對嗎？因為我們還有「邊見」，就是執著一端，沒有去看全盤的道理，所以偏向一邊，所以這也會產生很多煩惱。
Are we truly always right? Because we have Extreme View we see only one side. We do not see the big picture so we become biased. Our biases create many afflictions.
還有一樣就是「邪見」，邪就是不正，我們常常說差之毫釐就失之千里，何況邪見在毫釐之差，很堅定的執著，所以就相遠差得很遠，這就是邪見。
Then there is Deviant View, which is incorrect. We often say that a slight deviation results in a huge divergence. If we are strongly attached to Deviant Views, even small deviations lead us far astray. That is Deviant View.
有這三種見解，所以「妄興執著」，他就一直起妄念——「就是我最大，我的看法最正確，方向是這樣。」所以這種很果斷、很強的執著，如此就會「廣行不善」。
With these Views, "delusions thrive as we become attached". We are deluded in thinking that we are the greatest, that our perspective is the best, and that we are going the right way. When we are adamant and strongly attached to our views, we "commit a wide range of bad deeds".
所以若是廣行不善，不善的念頭一生起，執著自己的見解我行我素，從此開始就「招來未來生死之苦」。人為什麼有這麼多苦？就是苦在這分執著，妄執不斷從我們心中產生，因為我們有這個身體。
When an evil thought arises, we cling to our views and do as we please. From then on we will "invite the suffering of future births and deaths". Why do we suffer so much? We suffer because of our attachments. Because we have this body, we cling to the delusions that constantly arise in our minds.
謂於五陰身中
強作主宰
計著有我也
View of Self: Attachment to the view of "I", to the belief that the body, which is composed of the Five Skandhas, contains the real and permanent self.
我們的身見，什麼叫做「身見」？就是在我們的身體，我們身體的五陰，在一個人的身上，執著這個身體有五項，就是「色、受、想、行、識」。這五項前面說過了，我們的身根、我們的身體，六根緣外面的六塵，所以一切色給我們很多感受——愛、貪取、不擇手段的感受。
What is the View of Self? The body is composed of the Five Skandhas. We are attached to the body's experiences of form, sensation, perception, action, consciousness. Earlier we discussed how our Six Sense Organs interact with the external Six Sense Objects. We "sense" everything with form. We relentlessly crave and grasp them.
尚未取著之前的「想」，一直想入非非，不知道正不正確？他不管！總之見到那個色，之後他心心念念都是：「我的感受如何？」「我就一直想著如何能得到？」由此開始，身體就去行動了。差毫釐失千里了，很多社會問題、亂象，就從這樣開始。
Before we begin grasping, our thoughts and perceptions stray wildly. We do not care if we are right or wrong. When we see something, all we think about is how to get it. Then we take action and thoroughly lose our way. That is how problems and unrest arise in our society.
做了之後，最後歸納起來就在第八識，藏識就歸納進來。這是我們的身體去行動、去感受、去取著、去行為造作一切，就招來很多業，成為識在我們的第八識中，所以這都是罪的源頭。
Our actions are then stored in our Eighth Consciousness, it all goes into our Store-house Consciousness. The body acts, feels and grasps. Our actions create everything, attract karma and are stored in our Eighth Consciousness. This is the source of our wrongdoings.
所以因為我們有五陰，在我們的五陰中，「強作主宰，計著有我」，因為一直覺得有我，所以才會在外面的色，一切塵色中去感受、去設想、去行為、去取著，這就是因為我們有這個身體存在，這叫做「身見」。
The Five Skandhas lead us to be "attached to the View of 'I' of a permanent self". Because we are attached to the self, we feel, think about, act on, and grasp external forms and objects. This is because we are attached to the existence of this body. This is the View of Self.
謂於身見中
計斷計常
各執一邊也
Extreme View: A perspective on the View of Self, based on Nihilism or Eternalism with a strong attachment to one side or the other.
再來說「邊見」。邊見就是執著一邊。剛才說過了，因為我們有身見，所以「我就是我」，「我覺得沒有」，「我若是怎麼做，享受一時的快樂」，「我不計後果」。甚至撥無因果，這種計斷的心態；或是計常，以為「我若得到，我就能永遠享受」。
Next is Extreme View, which means we are completely biased. We spoke about the View of Self which means we believe in a permanent "self". If we feel that nothing is permanent, we will do anything for a moment of gratification regardless of consequences; we even deny the laws of karma. This is the mindset of Nihilism. Eteralists think they can enjoy something forever.
世間哪一樣是永遠的，我們的身體是永遠的嗎？命是永遠的嗎？或者一切物質、一切人事物都是永遠的嗎？無常阿！
Is anything permanent in this world? Is the body permanent? Is life permanent? Are material objects, people, and situations permanent? They are impermanent.
這種世間的無常，但是他不去看，無常他計常，所以這就是偏了，有的人說都沒有因果，反正我享受快樂，哪還有什麼未來的因果，就是撥無因果，為所欲為，這叫做斷。
People refuse to see impermanence in the world and plan on permanence; that is their bias. Some say they will enjoy themselves because there is no such thing as cause and effect. They deny the laws of karma and do as they please. That is Nihilism.
若是常，計常，就是以為我永遠都存在，我永遠都擁有，無論是財色，或是名利等等，這哪有什麼常呢？真正的「常」，我們前面一直在說「真如」，我們的真如清淨本性才是恆常的。
If they are Eternalists, they believe in a permanent "self" and permanent possession of wealth, beauty, fame, etc. What is permanent about those? Only the true nature of reality. True Suchness, our pure innate nature, is truly eternal.
但是我們這些凡夫，所計的常就是在現在這個身體還在時，所計著的一切，這都是計斷計常，意思就是道理不透徹，不懂得道理，看不開，這都叫做邊見。
But what ordinary people cling to as permanent is all related to our physical body. So people cling to all they have. If we adhere to either Nihilism or Eternalism, then we do not thoroughly understand or see the Truth. These are Extreme Views.
計斷計常的人，各人各執一邊，所以社會起紛爭，是對的、是不對的，都說我是對的你是不對的，對方也說我是對的你是不對的，所以各執一邊，這樣就會亂了，這就是社會的亂象，亂象的根源。
Nihilists and Eternalists adhere to their beliefs, and thus cause unrest in society. Who is right? Who is wrong? One thinks, "I'm right, you're wrong". But the other thinks , "I'm right, you're wrong." Their attachment to their bias causes chaos and is the source of society's unrest.
謂執有執無及撥無因果也
Deviant View:
Attachment to Nihilism or Eternalism and denial of the laws of karma.
第三叫做「邪見」。 「邪」，我們剛才也說了就是「不正確」。社會人人的見解絕對都是凡夫妄想妄行，無法正確。
The third is Deviant View. As we mentioned earlier, deviant view is incorrect. Everyone's views arise from delusional thinking and actions, so these views cannot be correct.
其實我們修行也一樣，修行，行就是要正確的行為。我常常說人生的宗旨，以及修心養性的行為，我們的宗旨若不正確，我們要如何修心，要如何養性呢？偏差之後，行為就錯誤。
Our practice is actually the same. We practice to develop proper conduct. Our behavior and the purpose of our life must be correct, otherwise how can we cultivate our minds and our character? If we stray, then we act improperly.
所以宗教也是一樣，我們如果沒有正確好好選擇，真的也會墮落邊邪，所以邪見也是執有、執無。
Religion is also like this. If we do not make proper choices, we descend into extreme deviance, so those with Deviant Views also adhere to either Eternalism or Nihilism.
總言而之，這三見合一，無不都是因為我們有這個身體在這個世間，所以受世間的外緣誘引，我們的內心無法把握住，無法好好顧好我們自己這念心，所以就會產生這三種見解。
In summary, those three Views arise together because we have a physical body in this world, and thus are seduced by external conditions. When people an incapable of controlling and taking good care of their minds, these three Views arise.
這三種見解，不只是大人有，連孩子都有。在二OO五年的十二月，也就是在年底，美國發生了一件事，就是要找一個孩子。一個家庭在找一個十六歲的孩子，新聞也登的很大。
These three Views are not exclusive to adults, children have them too. In December of 2005, there was a major story in the United States about a family looking for their missing 16-year-old boy. It was all over the news.
這個孩子到底到哪裡去了？這個孩子，因為他在上學高中了，老師在講課時，就說起了戰爭，他就提起美伊戰爭，就是美國和伊拉克，為什麼會戰得如此慘烈呢？所以這個孩子起好奇心，他覺得一定要親自到那塊土地去看，他要做一個駐地記者去採訪，把他所見所聞記錄下來，他要當一位戰地記者。
Where did he go? He was a high school student, who had heard one of his teachers talking about war, specifically the war in lraq. Why are the United States and Iraq fighting in such a terrible war? The boy was curious, so he felt he had to go to that country and see for himself. He wanted to be an embedded reporter who reports on everything he hears and sees. He wanted to be a war correspondent.
他才十六歲他就是有這分好奇心、求知欲，想要知道。其實這已經超越他的本分了，現在的學生就是要守好本分，好好讀書，聽老師這麼說他就這麼越軌了。就此離開家庭，自己一個人背起了行李就去伊拉克。
He was only 16, but he was inquisitive; he just wanted to know. Yet this is not what he should have been doing. As a student, he should just focus on his studies. After hearing his teacher's lecture, he crossed the line. He left his family with a backpack and went to Iraq.
美國要去伊拉克難道那麼容易嗎？實在是不容易，尤其伊拉克是一個戰地，所以邊防很森嚴，但是他就是很聰明，他以聰明躲過了戒禁的邊防，他進入到伊拉克，去住在伊拉克的飯店，而且自己去找美聯社的報社，對他們說我就是要來這裡加入記者採訪戰地。
Was it that easy to travel to Iraq? Not at all, especially since Iraq was a war zone and the border was heavily guarded. He was clever enough to dodge the border patrol. He stayed at a Baghded hotel and contacted the Associated press to tell them he came there to be a correspondent.
這些記者已經早就接到這個訊息了，因為孩子出門已經十幾天了，這十幾天家裡和地方報紙在尋找，也已經通告伊拉克邊地，在這裡所以這些記者都知道了。看到這個孩子出現了，大家都很吃驚，就趕快把這個孩子送到駐伊拉克的大使館，把這個孩子交給他們。
The reporters already knew about him because they had covered his missing-person story. His family and the media were looking for him, so the news agency knew about him. When he turned up [in Iraq], they were shocked and contacted the U.S Embassy, who sent soldiers to take him into custody.
這個孩子他在那裡隔天到達了，就是去找記者的隔天，他就是要被遣送回來，剛好伊拉克有一個自殺的爆炸，死傷很多人，而且在那裡看到血淋淋的，看到那個社會已經破碎了，尤其是貧窮，尤其是..等等很多。
They were planning to send him home the next day, one day after he contacted the reporters. He was about to be sent home when a suicide bombing killed and injured many people. He witnessed this bloody scene in a society that has been shattered, where people live in poverty. There were so many problems.
所以離開那個地方，被人送回來。回到家裡，他自己靜下來時慢慢一直想：「伊拉克如此混亂…」這種景況慢慢浮現出他的腦海。
After he left Iraq, arrived home and settled down, he thought about the chaos in Iraq. The images replayed in his mind.
自己回到家裡看到家裡的豪華，開始覺得住這麼好，這麼安定的社會，這麼享受的豪宅，尤其是還能開名車。他們那裡十六歲的孩子就開始能開車了，能開名車上下學，到處去飆車，他自己感到有一種罪惡感。
At home, he saw all the luxury and realized he had a great life in a peaceful society with a lavish house and a fancy car 16-year-olds could drive luxury cars to and from school and drag race everywhere. He felt guilty.
這是已經靜下來之後，感到很罪惡感。這麼享受，看到那個社會那麼苦難、那麼混亂，所以他慢慢心沈靜下來。開始時覺得自己很罪惡，慢慢他知道了、了解了，了解要好好珍惜此時安定的生活。所以這個孩子已經開始冷靜下來，對，要冷靜。但是這個孩子應該算是很好運，要不然會造成整個家庭或是那個社會又有什麼動盪？
He enjoyed so many comforts while other people suffered in the chaos of Iraq. Gradually, he was able to calm down. In the beginning, he felt guilty. Gradually, he came to understand that he should cherish his peaceful life. So this boy was able to clam down. Indeed, the boy should be considered lucky. Otherwise he would contribute to turmoil in his family and in society.
這就是我們若能平時就很冷靜，守好自己的本分——「學生守好學生的本分，從事職業的人，守好自己的職業崗位，修行人守好修行人的本分」，若能夠這樣，整個社會是不是大家都很平安呢？
We need to maintain a calm mind and do our duties. Students should be good students. Workers should do their jobs well. Practitioners should focus on their practice. Wouldn't society be at peace then?
所以這個見解，這個孩子開頭就是「我見、身見、邊見、邪見」他都有，統統合在一起，所以很強盛的欲念就冒出來，就去行動了。
The teenager initially had the three views, a View of Self, Extreme View, and Deviant View. He had all those views, so a strong desire emerged and led to his actions so a strong desire emerged and led to his actions.
所以說來，人都是在這一點點的心念，我們平時就是要顧好我們的心念。我們的見解不要常常有見解的對立，我們自己對或不對？也要好好自己思考。別人對或不對？我們要很用心分析。所以不要光是為反對而反對，各執一端，這樣就亂了。 所以人人要多用心。
We all have these thoughts in our minds. That is why we have to take care of our minds and our views, so we are not entrenched in opposition. We have to contemplate whether we are right or wrong, and whether others are right or wrong. We need to analyze carefully, and not oppose things just for the sake of opposition. If everyone clings to their side, it leads to chaos. So we should always be mindful.
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